GPT-4.5 system card

* Disallowed content

* Jailbreaks

* Model mistakes

Preparedness scorecard

* CBRN

Medium

* Cybersecurity

Low

* Persuasion

Medium

Scorecard ratings

Low

Scorecard ratings

* Low

* Medium

Only models with a post-mitigation score of "medium" or below can be deployed.

Only models with a post-mitigation score of "high" or below can be developed further.

Introduction

We’re releasing a research preview of OpenAI GPT‑4.5, our largest and most knowledgeable model yet. Building on GPT‑4o, GPT‑4.5 scales pre-training further and is designed to be more general-purpose than our powerful STEM-focused reasoning models. We trained it using new supervision techniques combined with traditional methods like supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), similar to those used for GPT‑4o. We conducted extensive safety evaluations prior to deployment and did not find any significant increase in safety risk compared to existing models.

Early testing shows that interacting with GPT‑4.5 feels more natural. Its broader knowledge base, stronger alignment with user intent, and improved emotional intelligence make it well-suited for tasks like writing, programming, and solving practical problems—with fewer hallucinations.

We’re sharing GPT‑4.5 as a research preview to better understand its strengths and limitations. We’re still exploring its capabilities and are eager to see how people use it in ways we might not have expected.

This system card outlines how we built and trained GPT‑4.5, evaluated its capabilities, and strengthened safety, following OpenAI’s safety process and Preparedness Framework.

We’re sharing GPT‑4.5 as a research preview to better understand its strengths and limitations. We’re still exploring its capabilities and are eager to see how people use it in ways we might not have expected.

Authors

OpenAI

Authors

OpenAI